High Representative/Vice-President Kaja Kallas, answering on behalf of the European Commission, outlined the EU's response to Iran's large-scale internet shutdown during the regional conflict, stressing that the bloc has condemned the crackdown, adopted targeted sanctions, and is exploring options to support circumvention tools while prioritising the safety of Iranian citizens. The answer was given to a parliamentary question by Hannah Neumann (Verts/ALE), who had asked about the impact of the shutdown on human rights and what concrete measures the EU is taking.
The answer confirms that in January 2026, Iranian authorities implemented an unprecedented internet shutdown in breadth and duration, coinciding with brutal repression of peaceful protests and the adoption of an 'anti-espionage law' that expanded control over social media and imposed harsh penalties for censorship circumvention. Kallas noted that the EU's response included a statement by the High Representative condemning the crackdown and calling for restoring internet access, as well as Council restrictive measures adopted in March 2026 targeting, among others, the head of Tehran's cyber police for its role in filtering and censorship.
At the Human Rights Council session on 16 March 2026, the EU reiterated its call for full restoration of communications and free access to information. On the question of expanding support for circumvention tools and secure communications, Kallas said the EU recognises the sensitivities involved, especially given the anti-espionage law, and will consider options that prioritise the safety of beneficiaries and partners. The answer does not announce new funding or specific programmes, but signals continued diplomatic engagement and a cautious approach to technical assistance.
Policy orientation: The EU maintains a firm declaratory stance against internet repression in Iran and has used sanctions as a tool, but remains cautious about directly supporting circumvention technologies due to risks to users. The answer suggests future action will be weighed carefully, with safety as the primary concern, rather than a major ramp-up of digital support.