The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published a scientific report covering the period from March to May 2026, warning that highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) continues to pose a significant threat to poultry and wild birds across Europe. The report, approved on 24 June 2026 and released on 26 June 2026, was prepared at the request of the European Commission and provides an overview of the epidemiological situation, risk factors, and recommendations for surveillance and control.
According to the report, the spring of 2026 saw a sustained number of outbreaks in poultry holdings, particularly in countries with high poultry density, and a continued high level of infection in wild birds, especially waterfowl. The virus has been detected in several new geographic areas, indicating ongoing spread. EFSA highlights that the risk of introduction into poultry farms remains high, especially during the migration season. The report calls for enhanced biosecurity measures, early detection systems, and coordinated surveillance across member states to limit the impact on animal health and reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission.
The findings underscore the persistent challenge of avian influenza in Europe, with implications for poultry producers, who face potential culling and trade restrictions, and for national veterinary authorities, which must maintain vigilance and response capacity. The report also notes the potential for the virus to mutate and affect human health, though the current risk to the general population remains low. EFSA recommends continued monitoring of viral evolution and close collaboration with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) to assess any changes in the public health threat.