German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, in a phone call with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on April 13, 2026, reaffirmed Germany's strong support for diplomatic efforts between the United States and Iran, and expressed readiness to contribute to securing freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz after hostilities end, according to a statement by government spokesperson Stefan Kornelius. Merz also urged Netanyahu to pursue direct peace talks with the Lebanese government and called for an end to hostilities in southern Lebanon, insisting that Hezbollah must disarm. He voiced deep concern over developments in the Palestinian territories, stating that a de facto annexation of the West Bank must not occur.
Escalating EU Pressure on Israeli Policies
The call comes amid a series of EU rebukes over Israeli actions in the occupied territories. On April 10, the European External Action Service (EEAS) condemned Israel's decision to establish over 30 new settlements in the West Bank as illegal under international law. That statement followed an April 1 EEAS criticism of the Knesset's approval of a death penalty bill, which the EU said could strain bilateral relations. In February, Commissioner Dubravka Šuica jointly with High Representative Kallas and Commissioner Lahbib condemned Israel's security cabinet decision to amend land registration procedures in the West Bank, calling it counterproductive to peace efforts. In January, Commissioner Lahbib condemned the demolition of an UNRWA compound in East Jerusalem, citing violations of UN privileges and immunities.
Germany's Balancing Act
Merz's call signals Germany's attempt to balance support for Israel's security with adherence to international law and EU positions. While offering concrete security cooperation—such as potential naval deployment in the Strait of Hormuz—the Chancellor also aligned with EU condemnations of settlement expansion and annexation. This mirrors the EU's dual approach of maintaining dialogue while issuing diplomatic rebukes. The call also reflects Germany's role as a key EU member state advocating for diplomatic solutions, as seen in the EU's support for the U.S.-led Gaza peace plan in January and the €1.6 billion Palestinian Authority reform programme announced in November 2025.
Cleavages and Impacts
The exchange highlights tensions between security cooperation and territorial integrity. On one hand, Merz's offer to secure shipping lanes supports regional stability and trade interests, benefiting EU and global maritime commerce. On the other, his firm stance against West Bank annexation pressures Israel's settlement policy, potentially straining bilateral ties. For EU institutions, the call reinforces a unified front on international law, but may frustrate Israeli officials seeking more flexibility. For Palestinian authorities, Merz's remarks offer diplomatic backing, though concrete impact depends on follow-up actions. The balancing act risks alienating both sides: Israel may view the annexation criticism as undue interference, while Palestinians may see the security cooperation as legitimizing Israeli military operations.
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