The Council of the EU has adopted Annex 5 to the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between the EU and Indonesia, correcting the English version of the 29 June 2026 proposal by adding Annexes 12-A, 12-B, and 12-C on geographical indications (GIs). The annex, published on 27 July 2026, finalises the GI protection list and procedural rules for the trade deal, requiring Indonesia to protect 218 named EU products and setting strict opposition timelines for both parties.
The annex includes government procurement schedules (Annexes 11-A and 11-B) that set out market access for central, sub-central, and other entities, as well as goods, services, and construction services for both the EU and Indonesia. Annex 12-A lists each party's relevant laws—such as Indonesia's Law No 20/2016 and EU Regulation 2024/1143—and mandatory elements for GI registration and control, including registers, verification processes, product specifications, enforcement, and opposition procedures. Annex 12-B outlines opposition criteria: objections must reach the European Commission (for agricultural GIs) or the Commission and EUIPO (for craft/industrial GIs) within three months of publication, or Indonesia's Directorate General of Intellectual Property within two months. Admissible grounds include conflicts with plant varieties, misleading homonyms, trademark conflicts, or generic names. Annex 12-C lists 218 EU GIs to be protected in Indonesia, covering wines, spirits, cheeses, meats, oils, and more from Austria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain.
Policy orientations and trade-offs The annex balances market access for EU GI producers with Indonesia's interest in protecting its own intellectual property regime. The strict opposition timelines—three months for EU objections and two months for Indonesian objections—aim to expedite dispute resolution but may disadvantage smaller producers with limited legal resources. The inclusion of 218 EU GIs gives European producers exclusive rights to use those names in Indonesia, potentially increasing their market share and premium pricing, while Indonesian producers must avoid using those terms, which could raise compliance costs for local food and beverage businesses.
Impact on stakeholders EU GI producers (e.g., wine, cheese, and meat exporters) benefit from enhanced legal protection and market access in Indonesia, a large and growing economy. Indonesian producers of similar products (e.g., local cheeses or wines) face restrictions on using EU GI names, potentially requiring rebranding or marketing adjustments. Indonesian consumers may see higher prices for authentic EU GI products due to reduced competition, but also gain assurance of product origin and quality. EU and Indonesian customs and IP enforcement authorities will need to implement verification and control procedures, increasing administrative burdens.
Institutional follow-up The adoption of Annex 5 completes the technical annexes to the CEPA. The agreement now awaits ratification by the European Parliament and the Indonesian parliament before it can enter into force. The European Commission will oversee implementation, including monitoring Indonesia's compliance with GI protection obligations.