Commissioner Wopke Hoekstra has announced a new external study and a Fiscalis Project Group to combat cross-border fuel fraud, which distorts competition in the EU's road transport sector and costs Member States significant tax revenues. The measures aim to improve data collection, traceability, and coordination among national authorities, potentially leading to further harmonisation of excise rules.
Hoekstra's answer, published on 29 April 2026, responds to a written question from ECR MEP Stefano Cavedagna, who raised concerns about illegal fuel trafficking and excise duty evasion undermining the internal market. Cavedagna highlighted fraudulent practices where energy products are misdeclared to avoid taxes, often involving shell companies, and asked for updated figures, improved traceability, and possible harmonisation measures.
The Commission currently holds only 2018 data on fuel fraud, covering a few Member States. To address this, Hoekstra stated that an external study was launched in early 2026 to quantify excise revenue losses due to fraud and non-compliance, including fuel supplies. The study, conducted with Member States, will examine structural factors and new fraud patterns, with completion expected in early autumn 2026. Its results will feed into the 2026 'Mind the Gap' report.
For coordination, a Fiscalis Project Group was set up in early 2026 to enhance technical cooperation and information exchange. Its first meeting was held on 20 April 2026. Hoekstra indicated that technical discussions within this group will identify consensus areas for further harmonisation to mitigate fraud risks.
The answer provides concrete steps—a study and a project group—but no immediate legislative proposals. The study's results, due in autumn 2026, will inform future policy. The Commission's approach focuses on data-driven analysis and voluntary cooperation, suggesting that harmonisation measures may follow only if consensus emerges among Member States.
Policy orientation: The Commission is taking a cautious, evidence-based approach, prioritising data collection and technical cooperation over immediate harmonisation. This balances the need to protect fair competition and tax revenues with respect for national sovereignty over excise policies.
Expected follow-up: The study's publication in autumn 2026 will likely trigger further discussions. If the data shows significant losses, the Commission may propose targeted harmonisation measures, but any legislative action remains uncertain and dependent on Member State consensus.