Hana JALLOUL MURO

Policy topics Hana JALLOUL MURO is active on

What Hana JALLOUL MURO has said (51)

• 2026-07-14 “(11:59:40 - 12:01:02): Thank you. Yeah. I would like to focus on a specific dimension of our trade relations with the United States, which is our cooperation on critical raw materials. I'm going to ask like Miss Sofko just did now. Just a few days ago that you officially joined Paxilica. We know what the initiative is about and its goals. You have mentioned, Mr. Jorgensen, but we want to ask what is next. What concrete initiatives follow from that membership? Is there a timeline for concrete action? I also want to ask you about the negotiations toward a plurilateral agreement to better understand what's the next state of play there. Have negotiations shown any substantial progress in the last months in the Commission's planning on requesting cancel authorization to enter formal negotiations? As regards the content of such agreement, I understand that the US has considered price floors as the primary instruments to be used. Is that still the case, or are there any other tangible alternatives being discussed? And the last point I want to mention is related to our cooperation with other partners. We saw how the recent G7 meeting in EVAN concluded with an important declaration on critical minerals, which highlighted the role of the International Energy Agency. Has this somehow impacted the discussion with the US on the pullout agreement? Thank you very much.”
  EU-US trade relations
• 2026-07-14 “(14:44:18 - 14:44:43): Thanks a lot. Indeed, very interesting. I will ask myself later on this issue of the conditionality, which I think is pretty important for us to understand much more. And then I thank you for this insight, and I pass the floor to my co chair, budget vice Charlie Wandowski. I pronounce it well, I hope. Yes. Thank you. It's because I'm used that everybody pronounce my surname very bad, so this is why I always ask, to guide us through the exchange of views. Thank you very much.”
  EU political integration
• 2026-07-14 “(11:10:17 - 11:12:48): Thank you very much. As well as you, I I our core as an inter coordinator and shareholder reporter, still mister Randomine Fey, asked me to take the floor on his behalf because he's not here today. So 1st of all, I would like to thank mister Winfield for her presentation and the useful update on the state of play. Thank you. The Sandy Club welcomes his latest positive developments. They show that the commission is engaging proactively and constructively with our international partners on an issue of strategic importance for Europe's initial, future. The agreement's already concluded, and those reached in principle demonstrate that many of our key trading partner recognize the need to work together with European Union to address global steel overcapacity. This is reassuring and provides a solid foundation for our work on a number of important legislative files. And it should also give the commission a strong confidence boost as it prepares extension of the steel measure to additional downstream sectors. I strongly demanded by the parliament and agreed in the final text of the regulation. But we cannot say that these updates of the WTO negotiations also provide another important point. The European Union can strengthen the protection of in this industrial base and, at the same time, full respect this international commitments and remaining a credible actor in the multilateral trading system. This approach will also be essential as we move forward with key initiatives such as industrial accelerator act, the future chips act, and the cloud and AI development act. If Europe wants to attract investments, strengthen manufacturing, and build resilient value chain, it must continue to use effectively trade defense instruments where they are justified and necessary. And this is fully in line with the joint on paper supported by Italy, The Netherlands, France, and Lithuania, which calls for a stronger and more effective EU trade, frame defense framework. Let me conclude by saying that the S and D group encourages the commission to remain as ambitious as necessary in defending European jobs, strengthening our industrial base, and fostering investment across our continent. This is, the direction of, travel we need, a genuine European industrial strategy that supports the industrial transition, protects our strategic interest, and remain firmly anchored in open rules based and multilateral trade. Thank you.”
  Free trade agreements (FTAs)
• 2026-07-14 “(15:15:24 - 15:15:46): Thank you very much. Thank you, Arator General, for your insights. We will be following the implementation closely, and we will see you on the or the commissioner again at the next dialogue towards the end of the next year. With us, we pass the floor again to vice vice chair Lewandowski to conclude this item before moving on the dialogue on Moldova facility.”
  EU-Ukraine relations
• 2026-07-14 “(15:58:12 - 15:59:56): Thank you. I just would like to echo what's just been said because I think it's a very interesting question, quite important. Thank you again, mister McEasy, to be here with us today. We were too together also in a fed committee in the morning. Here, I want to raise an issue that I think that is worrying for all of us because there have been several questions related to, the ban on trade with goods from illegal Israeli settlements. Last week, the commission shared a paper with 3 possibility, pathways. And yesterday, at the foreign affairs council, a majority of member states backed a full ban. So I think that the moment is, it's there. Spinal Island has shown real leadership on the Syrian and international law, and it is essential that your presidency can be, helpful in this in this way in which we need the, required qualified majority for taking some decisions related to that. So I ask you if what what is your stand on to take from yesterday's discussion, and what are the priorities to ensure no product from Iliga settlement reaches, the the single markets? Will Darius Shepard CNC be supportive of calling and strive deny for in our 1st council before October to finally tackle this, issue? And finally, related to the ICC court, what is your opinion related to that? For us in this parliament, it's not been easy, to, you know, to to show that for us international law, international humanitarian law, it's the basis of everything, and it doesn't have to go with any kind of punishment to the Israel society, which we fully support. Something related to the impunity of the Israel government, but not the same society. So it's very difficult to to, you know, to be able understand, but we keep explaining that all and all over again. Thank you.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• 2026-07-14 “(14:35:48 - 14:38:08): Good evening, everyone. I guess that we have already many people on vacation here. Yeah. Vacation mode, we would say. So, we are going to begin our 1st point, right now, which is a dialogue on the reform and growth facility for the Western Balkans. Let me 1st welcome members of the Afit and batch committees to our joint meeting. We are glad to have, let's see if I pronounce it well, Gerd Jan Kopmann, director general of TJ Ennis. Thank you very much. Joining us today for this 1st dialogue on the reform and growth facility for the Western Balkans. The facility aims to support the 6 Western Balkan countries on the path to the EU accession on the basis of reform agendas. All 6 reform agendas are in place, 5 since autumn 20 24 and the 1 of Bosnia And Herzegovina since December last year. A total of, euro 6,000,000,000 in available under is available under the facility until the end of 20 27. Results are mixed. We see Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia advancing well on the reform agendas and are benefiting from the funding allocated to them. On the other for different reasons, there is hardly any or no progress at all in the case of Serbia, Kosovo and Bosnia Herzegovina. It is for a timely moment to have the director general with us to explain the state of play as well as discuss the next steps ahead. Mister Kopmund, we are particularly interested to hear from you how the commission assess the conditionality requirements, notably regarding the compliance of proposed measures with the general principles and the specific objective to the facility. We also look forward to your assessment of possible deficits, how this might impact the re disbursements of funds, and what lesson can be drawn from the facility for the future of preassection funding to the next MFF. I would like now to give the floor to director general Kopman for his introductory statement. The floor is yours for the next 5 minutes. Thank you very much.”
  EU relations with Western Balkans
• 2026-07-14 “(15:16:19 - 15:16:30): Thank you very much for this informative session and useful. I think we can pass directly to begin the new point, or do we have to start afterwards? Think we're gonna start now on Moldova, if you think so. We should already.”
  EU-Moldova relations
• 2026-07-07 “And I think one of the important elements of the agreement is not everything that's technical in nature. There are binding agreements when it comes to the environment, the social and labor area. There's reference to the Paris Treaty, and Mexico is going to be ratifying new conventions from the ILO. And this is a commitment, obviously, which has to be seen as an essential part of the agreement. Also, when it is to be reviewed, the agreement has to be an instrument which makes a contribution to drawing on high value services in Mexico, and also to help those who very often are left behind. We need this to convert confer the voice to indigenous communities and others so that they are not ignored. So by giving the green light to this agreement, the European Union has made it quite clear that the European Union is obviously basing itself on working together with partners like Mexico and without any kind of paternalism. So this is a cooperation with leadership, i.e. Europe, who does not want to be left behind, is obviously focusing on strategic autonomy. And at the time, as others are putting up barriers, barriers.”
  Trade relations with Mercosur
• 2026-07-07 “Thank you very much, president, commissioner. The European Parliament is about to give its consent to an agreement that has taken almost 10 years to negotiate. This is an agreement which arrives at a moment where world trade cannot be understood only in economic terms. Today, the European Union is ever more aware, more than ever, that trade policy is a fundamental pillar for our economic security and our strategic autonomy. We're aware that we need to diversify our trade relations and to strengthen alliances with partners who share our commitment to multilateralism and world trade, world rules based trade. And Mexico is the perfect example of this kind of ally. The signing of the modernized global agreement between the European Union and Mexico is an excellent piece of news, and it's something that the parliament must give its support to. It's also a decisive step towards modernizing trade relations in the 21st century. It does away with almost all the, tariffs that we had up until now, and it also, triggers more investment protection instruments giving greater certainty to European and Mexican investors. This is key, to, trying to help the, 45,000 European companies who most of them SMEs who export to Mexico. It's also a relevant agreement for access to rare minerals such as fluorite and copper. And I think 1 of the important elements of the agreement is not everything that's technical in nature. There are binding agreements when it comes to the environment, the social and labor area. There's reference to the Paris treaty, and Mexico is going to be ratifying, new conventions from the ILO. And this is a commitment, obviously, which has to be seen as an essential part of the agreement, also when it is, to be reviewed. The agreement has to be an instrument which, makes a contribution to, drawing on, high value, services in Mexico and also to help those who very often are left behind. We need this to to convert confer the voice to indigenous communities and others so that they are not ignored. So by giving the green light to this agreement, the European Union is making quite clear that the European Union is obviously basing itself on working together with partners like Mexico and without any kind of paternalism. So this is a cooperation with leadership, I. E. Europe, who does not want to be left behind, is obviously focusing on strategic autonomy. And at the time, others are putting up barriers barriers.”
  Free trade agreements (FTAs)
• 2026-06-22 “Third is the importance of the global gateway. Everyone mentioned how instrumental Global Gateway is to boost sustainable investment in strategic sector sectors. I think it became clear to all of us, whoever supports cutting funding to Global Gateway is also undermining the growth of our trade relations with partners in Africa. So financing very important. Lastly, I want to highlight one more point, because it struck me most during my mission. And I think to all of us, it's the issue of skills and education. Many stakeholders raised the question of skills of the youth. Their trade will not succeed also without investment in vocational training, technical education and labour mobility framework. So this is important. We do not talk about this enough in trade policy, our trade relations need to include these dimensions too. So I hope this aspect will become a more important part of the discussion in India when we address the future of our international investments and how much we can give from our Parliament to those countries. Thank you. In equal, you know, set of, you know, partnership, I would say thank you.”
  EU policy on social & environmental impact of foreign investments
• 2026-06-22 “Thank you very much indeed for this meeting. Meeting and summarizing our nice and important relevant mission and most importantly, in this in these times, as having said, today's Pretoria, Johannesburg, Cape Town and we met with South African government. By the way, tomorrow, if I'm not wrong the African. One of the ministers of Deputy Minister of Labour will be here. I read it, so just I wanted to say in case somebody would like to go there, but the main message is South Africa sees the European Union as a strategic partner on clean transformation. They need substance also not only rhetoric. I want to mention four key takeaways which emerged clearly during our meetings. The first, the need to deliver real financing. And we, we sat with the European South African companies, and all of them mentioned that the investment outlined by the Clean Tech and Trade Investment Partnership needs to be tangible, and for that, financing from the EU side is essential. Second element is our MOU on raw materials. South Africa wants to move one export to processing and value addition. We must make sure this is not just an empty word that we actively support the industrialization plans while ensuring mining practices remain sustainable.”
  EU policy on social & environmental impact of foreign investments
• 2026-06-16 “(11:20:39 – 11:22:01): I stand here today with a deep sense of sadness, sadness of having together to celebrate the end of a war that you have never begun. The unilateral and illegal attacks carried out by United States and Israel that, by the way, you never condemn, have not brought democracy to Iran, and at the contrary, unfortunately, it's reinforcing the regime of the Ayatollahs. This war have undermined the global rules based order, shaking our markets, and caused the life of thousands of innocent people. We cannot only care about war when oil prices rises. This deal doesn't bring back the more than 3,000 Iranians who have lost their lives. It doesn't put an end to Netanyahu's annexations of Gaza and the West Bank. It doesn't end the climate of fear and terror in Lebanon, not disarming Hezbollah and not ending the occupation of Israel of Southern Lebanon. And it doesn't return to their homes 1,000,000 Lebanese who have been displaced. High representative. People are crying out to the EU for action, justice, and empathy. Start by developing the Middle East strategy that you told us it will began the moment the war ended. We need you to count with this parliament and to carry on international law as your banner. Thank you.”
  EU-Iran relations
• 2025-10-22 “E-004158/2025 Answer given by Commissioner Šuica on behalf of the European Commission The EU is committed to continuing its support to the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) in carrying out its work. The EU has expressed its concern concerning the impact of the Israeli legislation on UNRWA for its operations in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and in Gaza. In 2024, following the fulfilment by UNRWA of all the conditions agreed for the 2024 EU funding, the Commission disbursed EUR 92 million to the Agency 1 . This came in addition to the EUR 48.5 million of EU humanitarian funding in 2024. In 2025, as a part of its multiannual and comprehensive programme for Palestine 2 2025-27 3 , the Commission disbursed EUR 82 million to UNRWA’s programme budget 4 . In 2025, the Commission also disbursed an initial contribution of EUR 28.5 million in humanitarian funding to UNRWA. The European External Action Service (EEAS) monitors Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI) including disinformation including in countries neighbouring the EU as outlined in the Action Plan against Disinformation 5 . This includes disinformation targeting the UN and its agencies such as UNRWA. The EEAS shares the results of its monitoring of FIMI, including disinformation, through its yearly Reports on FIMI 6 . The EU strategy to tackle FIMI, including disinformation, is outlined in the FIMI Toolbox 7 which in a whole society approach focuses on situational awareness; capacity building and society resilience; disruption and regulations; and EU external actions. The Joint Communication on the European Democracy Shield adopted on 5 November 2025 will further strengthen the EU’s resilience and capacity to counter FIMI and disinformation 8 . 1 https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/commission-disburses-additional-eu10-millionpayment-unrwa-2024-12-20_en. 2 This designation shall not be construed as recognition of a State of Palestine and is without prejudice to the individuals positions of the Member States on this issue. 3 https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_1055. 4 https://north-africa-middle-east-gulf.ec.europa.eu/news/eu-provides-eu30-million-unrwa-sustain-vital-servicespalestine-refugees-2025-0729_en#:~:text=The%20European%20Commission%20disbursed%20%E2%82%AC30%20million%20to%20the, commitment%20to%20supporting%20essential%20services%20for%20Palestine%20refugees. 5 https://www.eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/action_plan_against_disinformation.pdf. 6 https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/3rd-eeas-report-foreign-information-manipulation-and-interference-threats0_en. 7 As noted by the Council in December 2023, EUCO Conclusions available here: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/68967/europeancouncilconclusions-14-15-12-2023-en.pdf. 8 https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/2539eb53-9485-4199-bfdc97166893ff45_en?filename=JUST_template_comingsoon_standard_1.pdf.”
  Support for international humanitarian organisations · Relations with Israel - Palestine
• 2025-05-30 “P-002180/2025 Answer given by High Representative/Vice-President Kallas on behalf of the European Commission The EU condemns the Israeli government’s decisions to further expand illegal settlements across the occupied West Bank and urges Israel to reverse these decisions 1 . In line with the EU’s commitment to implement United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334 and recalling that settlements are illegal under international law, constitute an obstacle to peace and threaten to make a two-state solution impossible, the EU reiterates its strong opposition to Israel's settlement policy and actions taken in this context. In its Advisory Opinion of 19 July 2024, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) concluded, inter alia, that the State of Israel is under an obligation to cease immediately all new settlement activities, and to evacuate all settlers from the Occupied Palestinian Territory. The EU urges Israel to implement orders of the ICJ. In light of the untenable situation in Gaza due to the humanitarian blockade, and the deteriorating situation in the occupied West Bank, the High Representative/Vice-President has launched a review of Israel’s compliance with Article 2 of the EU-Israel Association Agreement 2 . Based on the review, it will be decided what further action, if any, to take. 1 https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/qa3lblga/euco-conclusions-27062024-en.pdf. 2 https://eeas.europa.eu/archives/delegations/israel/documents/eu_israel/asso_agree_en.pdf.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• 2025-05-14 “E-001952/2025 Answer given by High Representative/Vice-President Kallas on behalf of the European Commission The EU condemns the Israeli government’s decisions to further expand illegal settlements across the occupied West Bank and urges Israel to reverse these decisions 1 . Israel should implement orders of the International Court of Justice to cease all new settlement activities and to evacuate all settlers from the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) 2 . The EU strongly condemns the ongoing extremist settler violence in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and recalls that Israel is bound by international humanitarian law and applicable norms of international human rights law, including, as an occupying power, the obligation to protect the population under occupation 3 . The EU adopted sanctions (in April and July 2024) under the EU Global Human Rights Sanctions Regime against extremist settlers 4 . The Council has so far listed nine individuals, and five entities linked to violent extremism in the oPt and the blocking of humanitarian aid into Gaza. Additional listings proposals are under discussion currently in the Council. Sanctions are adopted by Member States by unanimity. The EU reiterates its commitment to international law and to a comprehensive, just and lasting peace based on the two-state solution in accordance with relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions where two democratic states, Israel and Palestine*, live side-by-side in peace within secure and recognised borders. The High Representative/Vice-President spares no effort to help revive the political process towards the two-state solution, including through the Global Alliance launched in 2024 5 . 1 https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/qa3lblga/euco-conclusions-27062024-en.pdf. 2 https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/186/186-20240719-adv-01-00-en.pdf. 3 https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/qa3lblga/euco-conclusions-27062024-en.pdf. 4 https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2024/07/15/extremist-israeli-settlers-in-the-occupiedwest-bank-and-east-jerusalem-as-well-as-violent-activists-blocking-humanitarian-aid-to-gaza-five-individualsand-three-entities-sanctioned-under-the-eu-global-human-rights-sanctions-regime/. 5 https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/israelpalestine-global-alliance-implementation-two-state-solution-announcedunga-margins_en. *This designation shall not be construed as recognition of a State of Palestine and is without prejudice to the individual positions of the Member States on this issue.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• 2025-02-18 “E-000745/2025 Answer given by High Representative/Vice-President Kallas on behalf of the European Commission The European External Action Service and the Commission are currently carrying out preparatory work for the EU Strategy for the Middle East. Given the huge shifts in the region over the last months, and the significant changes still occurring, the EU aims to avoid publishing a strategy which would become rapidly obsolete. The EU aims first to finalise work on the New Pact for the Mediterranean, before pushing ahead with the Strategy. The High Representative/Vice-President will be working very closely with the Commissioner for the Mediterranean and other members of the College in preparing the Strategy. The EU welcomed the Gaza Recovery, Reconstruction and Development Plan by the Arab states as a good basis for future cooperation. The international community must work with the Palestinians to rebuild the Gaza strip. The EU firmly rejects any proposal to displace Palestinians from Gaza. The EU will work closely with its international partners and key players in the region to build on this initiative. In the short-term, the EU’s priority remains a resumption of the ceasefire in Gaza, to allow the release of all the hostages, the restarting of humanitarian aid deliveries at scale to the people of Gaza and a permanent end to hostilities.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine · EU foreign policy approach
• 2025-02-13 “E-000687/2025 Answer given by High Representative/Vice-President Kallas on behalf of the European Commission Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms constitutes a key element of EU-Tunisia relations, as enshrined in the Association Agreement 1 . Since 2021, the EU has regularly raised matters of concern with the Tunisian authorities, mainly in direct conversations with them, but also publicly through statements and declarations of the High Representative/Vice-President on behalf of the 27 Member States and EU statements in multilateral human rights fora. The EU maintains a keen interest in the continued strengthening of its strategic partnership with Tunisia and it is in the shared interest of both parties to continue effective and comprehensive cooperation in various sectors within the framework of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed in July 2023. The Commission has taken note of the European Ombudsman’s decision (EO) 2 to close its own-initiative inquiry on how the Commission intends to guarantee the respect for human rights in the context of the EU-Tunisia MoU and welcomes that the EO has recognised that the ‘various monitoring measures described by the Commission, should produce periodic assessment of the human rights impact of actions under the MoU’ with Tunisia. On 18 February 2025 3 , the Commission replied to the European Ombudsman suggestions for improvements. The EU will continue to stand by the Tunisian people and their legitimate aspirations in terms of human rights and fundamental freedoms, democracy and sustainable development. The EU is committed to do so in the framework of the Association Agreement, which governs its relations with Tunisia. 1 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A21998A0330%2801%29 2 https://www.ombudsman.europa.eu/en/decision/en/193851 3 C(2025) 982 final.”
  EU competences on human rights · EU-Tunisia relations
• 2024-11-27 “E-002684/2024 Answer given by Mr Síkela on behalf of the European Commission To address illicit trafficking of raw materials the EU is stepping up efforts to promote the sustainable and responsible sourcing, production, and processing. The Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) are a tool in this regard, in line with the objectives of the EU’s renewed Great Lakes Strategy 1 . The MoU signed with Rwanda 2 is a further step and echoes the one the EU signed with the Democratic Republic of Congo 3 in October 2023. The MoU with Rwanda places particular emphasis on increased traceability and transparency, to fight against illegal trafficking of minerals. Rwanda’s adhesion to the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI) 4 shall be an essential element for the implementation of other MoU components. In the framework of the MoU, the Commission is ready to support Rwanda’s accession to the EITI. The EU also complements the bilateral engagement with Rwanda on critical raw materials with its ongoing support to the Regional Certification Mechanism of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region. The EU is taking measures to ensure full application of the Due Diligence Directive 5 and to support compliance with the obligations under the Conflict Minerals Regulation 6 . As an example, the EU is financing since 2018 the European Partnership for Responsible Minerals 7 , a multi-stakeholder partnership and accompanying measure to the Conflict Minerals Regulation. Responsible sourcing and alignment on environmental, social and governance standards constitute one of the five pillars along which all MoUs are structured. 1 https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-6631-2023-INIT/en/pdf 2 https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/58035 3 https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/publications/memorandum-understanding-eu-democratic-republiccongo-sustainable-raw-materials_en 4 https://eiti.org/ 5 Directive (EU) 2024/1760 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on corporate sustainability due diligence and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937 and Regulation (EU) 2023/2859, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/1760/oj/eng 6 Regulation (EU) 2017/821 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2017 laying down supply chain due diligence obligations for Union importers of tin, tantalum and tungsten, their ores, and gold originating from conflict-affected and high-risk areas, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/821/oj/eng 7 https://europeanpartnership-responsibleminerals.eu/”
  EU response to conflict-affected mineral supply chains · Due diligence in supply chains (environmental and human rights)
• 2024-11-27 “E-002683/2024 Answer given by High Representative/Vice-President Kallas on behalf of the European Commission The EU and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) maintain a growing partnership based on regional stability, sustainable development and economic transformation, aligned with the 2022 EU Gulf Strategy 1 and Saudi Vision 2030 2 . The Crown Prince’s participation in the first EUGulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Summit in Brussels in October 2023 underscored KSA’s commitment to a stronger, forward-looking partnership with the EU in key areas, notably trade, investment, energy, connectivity, and green and digital transitions. Under the 2021 EU-KSA Cooperation Arrangement 3 , the two sides hold annual political dialogues; the last one took place in Brussels in July 2023, as well as annual Senior Officials Meetings on global issues, the last one took place in Riyadh in September 2023. The KSA also hosts the first in the region EU-GCC Chamber of Commerce. In addition, the EU and KSA hold annual formal Human Rights Dialogues, addressing all rights issues and cooperation in multilateral fora, the most recent one in Riyadh in December 2024. The EU Special Representative for the Gulf also contributes to strengthening the EU-KSA partnership, particularly on regional security, as reflected at the April 2024 EU-GCC HighLevel Forum on regional security, attended by the KSA Minister of Foreign Affairs. The KSA is a key EU partner for regional security and stability, notably in the framework of the joint EU-Norway-KSA Global Alliance for implementation of the two-state solution, with participation of more than 90 countries. The KSA Minister of Foreign Affairs has also joined relevant Foreign Affairs Council discussions. The EU and KSA are currently finalising the negotiations on a Memorandum of Understanding on Energy Transitions and Clean Technology Cooperation, focusing on low emissions, renewables, hydrogen, and energy efficiency. 1 JOIN(2022) 13 final. 2 https://www.vision2030.gov.sa/media/rc0b5oy1/saudi_vision203.pdf 3 https://www.eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/2024/EEAS%20%20KSA%20MFA%20Cooperation%20Arrangement%20FINAL_ENG_signed.pdf”
  EU-Saudi Arabia relations · EU relations with Gulf countries
• “At the moment of uncertainty, increased relationships with Latin America should be a priority. Having concluded the Mercosur agreement, I think it is fundamental that we support every possible way to strengthen our cooperation in trade with other countries in the region, such as members of the Andean Community. Therefore, the conclusion of this agreement with Ecuador is the first negotiated with the Latin American country. And that is big news and we should celebrate that. Sifat will contribute to facilitating the investment of European companies in Ecuador. Above all, it will be a key instrument to diversify our trade relations. Part of its usefulness at the time of driving European investment in renewables, transport, digital and it will also improve the robustness of the legal framework that governs our relationship. There's no point in trade agreements unless they are effective for businesses and citizens. We can have trade preferences, but we should ensure that they are translated into our practices and contribute in real terms to meeting sustainable development goals. This says something about the potential of this agreement, but I think credibility of it will depend on its implementation. Cifa has a key component when it comes to sustainable development, which means that it's not just another agreement. And that's why we ask the Commission to ensure that all investment facilitated by this agreement goes hand in hand with social and environmental standards. We will also demand that it respects international labour standards and commitments that we've taken on with the Paris Agreement. These matters cannot remain just on paper. They need to be implemented in practice. This agreement should contribute to structured dialogue mechanisms with the country and with other stakeholders in the local economy. For Ecuador, this means we need to pay specific attention to indigenous communities in investment projects. And if I can ask a question, I'd like to know. What views the commission takes on environmental matters under CFA. What specific evaluation mechanisms are you thinking of implementing and how do you view implementation to benefit indigenous communities? Thank you.”
  Free trade agreements (FTAs)
• “Thank you very much. I will come to my time. Thank you. Thank you. Chair. So we can express the strong support for the joint initiative and its proposed projects. We have been waiting for the structural relaunch of European Mediterranean cooperation and Barcelona Process was created from an inspired vision to be less strategic and forward looking partnership. We welcome the long list of priorities under the pact, certainly such as the Mediterranean University, but also we perceive a lack of references of democratic reforms that we would like to hear much more. Those founding principles remain valid, but we must also recognise the mistake of the European Union made in identify some steps from which we need to restart. As my colleague Sanchez Amor have highlighted before, crises like the Arab Spring and everything that followed the. So now the pact is more important than ever. And southern Mediterranean of today is fundamentally different when the EU created the Barcelona process. So we need to address also everything that has happened since then. My questions will be which projects will be prioritised by the first action plan in Q1 2026. How will the Commission guarantee that these economic initiatives remain closely linked to the promotion of democratic reforms, human rights and social sustainability? Key principles of the project. The joint communication refers to the participation and coordination with other regions, particularly Gulf region. How this cooperation will be carried out in practice. It also covers initiatives related to peace and security. Considering the active role of some Gulf countries and GCC as mediator. How this will be addressed. So I have only 15 seconds, and I would like to really express to say two things. One, there is no way like illegal migrants, there are irregular migrants that are in irregularly irregular administrative situation. People are not illegal one. Two Spain is the first is the most the fastest growing economy in Europe, and it is thanks to the migrants. The migrants that we have in our country. Thanks to them, we are the fastest growing economy in Spain and in Europe. Thank you.”
  EU relations with the Southern Neighbourhood
• “At the same time, we underline that the energy transition is a key priority, with a strong focus on renewable energy and green hydrogen. The European Union stands ready to cooperate with Saudi Arabia and advancing shared environmental goals, while also supporting opportunities for economic connectivity projects such as the India middle East Europe Economic Corridor. Last but not least, human rights and social reforms. We note the importance for our Parliament and for the European Union to support of human rights all over the world, and the sensitivities of this chamber. That's why we have saved a chapter to recognize and welcome the changes, and to reiterate our commitment to the Arabia to align with these treaties. Acknowledgment of the progress, new civil transactional laws, draft criminal code, partial reform of the kafala system and labor regulations, expansion of civil society over 5400 registered associations. But we also highlight the need for greater alignment with international standards, abolition of the death penalty, and ratification of some international human rights convention. We will be here collaborating, collaborating and in cooperation with the European Union and Saudi and UN and ILO towards Expo 2030 and Saudi Arabia. Strategy for FIFA World Cup 2034. And last thing, I will be very happy to hear your comments and anything we can improve in this report and working really keen to work with you on that regard. Thank you very much.”
  EU relations with the Southern Neighbourhood
• “Thank you very much, Mr. President. I will switch to Spanish. Uh, I represent a la today. I'm representing the shadow rapporteur, Sandra. She can't be here today. So I'm going to read out the speech on the shadow rapporteurs report. I'd like to thank the rapporteur for the extended work that's been carried out here. We are finding out our times time when global power alliances are being reshaped, and choosing our alliance is fundamental. This is why Asian states are so crucial for us. For the European Union now, I think we need to think about suitable partners. We can't oversimplify things and divide the world into the goodies and the baddies. International relations are complex, and that's why we need to maintain relations with all kinds of actors that play a role in providing for stable framework globally. Let's not forget that a large share of maritime shipping transits through these regions of the world. Any kind of negative impact would have a huge impact. And that's why the European Union has a direct interest in maintaining freedom and free shipping routes that are open. We cannot have any kind of A unilateral, um or coercive measures from our group. We support the strategic role of this region, and we will be tabling some amendments to state the need for strengthening trade ties and also the role of security and defence. Now we will be talking about future sectors digitalisation, cyber security, to mention just a few. Thank you very much.”
  Asia-Pacific
• “But certainly for us there are some issues that should be, of course, addressed. And and not only because for us is one of the vital things should always be reflected related to labour rights, but also the fact that they are doing a huge advances into that. Like for example, we used to have in countries like Saudi 7 or 10% labour force for women and now we have 37%. So that's quite, um, a good improvement. I would like to ask only that if from your perspective and which is reform, recent reforms or practices in the GCC have, um, do you think that have more tangible, um, these reforms and practices, specifically when we talk to that impact on, on labour protection and if this can be also, you know, as a model that can in the ones in the countries that are more advanced, that can be a role model for the rest of the GCC countries. Thank you.”
  Gender roles, equality and inclusion
• “Okay. Thank you, uh, Mr. Brown. I cannot give you more time than the rest you have already taken. Because that will make myself as chair, making differences between one another and other MEPs. I would like to say something in that regard. The position of the Parliament is to a state solution. Uh, we are here criticizing settlers and settler violence and illegal settlements, but does not mean that we do not believe in the state of Israel. We believe in two state solution for Israelis and for Palestinians. And this is an important thing to say here. Thank you. And I. Miss shaking for five minutes. We will go in another order. Thank you.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• “Good morning. We're so pleased to have you here, Mr. Zannino. Thank you very much. My question is very simple. It's just on the issue of the fact related to the Gulf that just mentioned the new collaboration or strengthening relations between the Gulf and within the pact of within this pact, which is very important. And also about, uh, the narrative also on how this pact will work in that part of the world, taking into consideration, you know, how in they see a lack of leadership of the European Union in some issues, like Gaza on double standards? Thank you.”
  EU relations with Qatar
• “For me to share this with you. Natalie, we just came from a very interesting meeting in Syria, which was really, really nice. Thank you. Uh, it's a pleasure to be here with you and with all of the assistants to this committee. Uh, over the past decade, China economic strength and political influence have increased a lot alongside its ambitions to establish itself as a leading global actor and technological powerhouse, which it is a fact. This trajectory is exemplified by China's Belt and Road Initiative, which extends Chinese influence well beyond its immediate region and increasingly also affects European interest globally in any way. In the other hand, and despite all the efforts we are working towards China and, you know, we have this important summit a few months ago between the EU and China. There are a lot of questions that remain that regarding China's approach and concerning human rights record and some adherence to some international norms that we need to recall here today. For example, China's enabler of Russia are supporting Ukraine when Russia in the war of aggression to Ukraine, when they support Moscow diplomatically and materially, and also related other problems with the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea can jeopardise global trade and security is also So increasingly utilizing multilateral fora to advance on its interpretation of international, international, international law. While the EU remains committed to engaging with China in a pragmatic manner, to achieve concrete progress on issues of common interest, we need to take a stance to protect also our principles and protect the rules based international order. I look forward to our discussions. Today we are here to build bridges, to listen to everyone, and certainly China is one of our top priorities of of interest regarding and taking into account also China rising global influence, which we think is very important. Thank you.”
  EU-China relations
• “Mr. president, an illegal, unilateral military intervention took place in Iran without a UN Security Council approval, violating article two of UN charter. In this Parliament, we have condemned Iran's repression. We fought to include Revolutionary Guard in the EU terrorist list. It supports Hezbollah and the violence against women. We rejected Iran's attacks to the GCC countries. President borderline could have made the same. It is possible for her to condemn attacks and interventions without abandoning international law while she remains silent. She erased the memory of 165 schoolgirls that were killed in an Israeli person killed and 83 kids in Lebanon that were murdered. While you. She avoided taking a position. Netanyahu government. I will not confuse them with the Israelis. It's not respecting Lebanon's territorial integrity. He is displacing 400,000 people. And I want to blame here Hezbollah for that too. And he also is on the West Bank while you keep empty statements. Our citizens say no to war. We want peace. President Pedro Sanchez is the one who understands this and represents all of that. Who wants all of that? And those in this European Union that want peace, security and stability. Because don't forget that we have millions of people here that were killed after 45. We give ourselves the right to have this European Union and international law that we need to defend, because we don't want more killing here. We are destroying the system. We are destroying the international system.”
  EU-Iran relations
• “Without any doubt, Russia is legally and morally obliged to pay reparations. With that in mind, the European Parliament has repeatedly called for the seizure of immobilized Russian sovereign assets, maintaining that international law obliges Russia to compensate Ukraine for the devastation it has brought. The analysis presented to us today centers on this critical issue. It examines the legal basis for the EU member state to confiscate immobilized Russian assets, and considers the counter-arguments raised by those advocating for caution and more prudent approach. It analyzes each category of frozen assets, distinguishing between state reserves, private holdings and windfall profits. The figures are substantial approximately 210 billion in reserves and assets of the central Bank of Russia held under EU member state jurisdictions, were immobilized. Additionally, some $28 billion in private assets belonged to over 2500 sanctioned individuals and entities has been frozen. Each category of assets presents distinct legal considerations and requires different legal arguments to justify seizure. The in-depth analysis tackled these questions, evaluating the available legal pathways to detect each of these funds towards Ukraine's recovery. Now let us welcome the author of the document, Doctor Veber from the Institute of International Law and International Relations at the Faculty of Law of the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia. Doctor River, you have the floor for ten minutes. Thank you very much.”
  EU-Russia relations (from March 2022)
• “51:13 – 11:53:17): Thank you very much. I will have handed the floor to Naccio from S and D but once I'm from the S and D group I will proceed to take the floor. So in six February twenty twenty five the United States imposed sanctions on the International Criminal Court declaring a national emergency and authorizing asset freezes and travel bans against court officials. As a result roughly on the third of ICC judges have been reportedly been affected by restrictive measures as you just mentioned now including loss of access to credit cards financial services and travel related platforms. This development is deeply concerning. The ICC has historically played a crucial role in the global fight against impunity. It has delivered landmark judgment and arrest warrants in cases such as Thomas Lubanga Dilo with the case of child soldiers or in Kenya and most recently an arrest warrant against Vladimir Putin concerning the unlawful deportation of Ukrainian children. At that time everybody was happy so the arrest warrants against Netanyahu and investigations concerning alleged crimes in by members of the Israeli government have marked an inflection point to getting renewed criticism of the ICC and they seem broader questions about the credibility and resilience of the international justice. The European Parliament has consistently reaffirmed its supports for the court and for the EU's blocking status as a tool to counter the extraterritorial effects of third country sanctions but we are still waiting to be activated.”
  Support for International Criminal Court
• “Pedro Sanchez I am not Javier Solana, nor is Pedro Sanchez. We have seen what happened in past wars in Iraq, for example, that we were against where we had thousands of people killed. We saw what happened after the invasion of Iraq about the terrorist groups that came out of it and about the dangers that were posed to us. Thank you.”
  EU foreign policy approach
• “Hello. Thank you very much for addressing such an important topic here. I think it's a I mean, sexual violence as a weapon of war is one of the most, you know, worrying situations in the world. And you were talking about also about what is happening in in Congo. The numbers are really scary. And also in other armed conflicts like in Ukraine or Sudan or I mean, it's it's really it's really awful. And we have data recently of United Nations that the women and the kids represent more than 90, 95% of 3622 cases of sexual violence in conflicts that are verified, verified. We need to take action that will back up, you know, our support and mechanisms for international justice. And this is very much related to the fact that we were in the ICC in our mission withdraw. That was forced by our chair. Munir, thank you again. And we were talking with the Trust Fund for victims Reparation to Victims of Conflict related to sexual violence. This is really interesting. We we we find it very important. This is why this is also one of the reasons why we should support the ICC. And, you know, it's very important departments because most of the people related only to arrest warrants, but they have this kind of a general directions that are very important for, for women also. And we know that the EU, it should guarantee and support the International Penal Court and Court and any other organisms that have resources to put responsible of this kind of crimes in jail. And we need sustainable peace. And this is only if you put if we include women in peace processes and reconstruction. That's another important issue gender equality. Equality is not only an objective but is an essential tool that we need. So thank you. Thank you for coming to this committee. I think this is a very important topic. Many women need us. Thank you very much. And girls, thank you.”
  Gender roles, equality and inclusion
• “I will take that away. Yes.Thank you very much. At this point I was thinking to talk also when we have the point on Tunisia, but yes, related to the double standards, I think that the EU is behaving with double standards is not an accusation, but I think it's a reality. It's not that we don't want to to reflect that. We don't have double standards. But this is the reality. The different positions of the member states related with the issue in Gaza. I think it's obvious that, well, we cannot get really a consensus in a humanitarian situation there. And the fact that Israel is not respecting international humanitarian Low in Gaza, so I think we should fight for that if we want to be respected. I said that I said the same the other day in, um, in my first intervention in the in the plenary session in Strasbourg. I think we should work a lot with civil society. We need to do much proposals related to civil society in Palestine and Israel, you know, because government of Israel is one thing and civil society is another thing. But I think we should stress our work on that. And it's very interesting that one issue that was mentioned, uh, by Miss Goldberg, if I if I may, I don't know if I'm saying your surname correctly. Sorry for that. But the issue of that we should work on issues related to human rights and climate, human rights and migration and human rights. You know, and I think diversity is a very good topic related to migration, you know, because diversity is, um, in this polarized, you know, speeches of the extreme right, you know, very much related to, to diversity. I mean, we need to stress the positivity of our diverse societies. Thank you very much.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• “Thanks to you, and you really stick to the time. Thanks a lot. I now invite our next panelist, Doctor Richard Turkson, program director of the Central European Institute of Asian Studies, to present on Reshaping Global Governance China's strategy to influence international organizations and reframe international law. Doctor Tuscany, you have the floor for seven eight minutes. Thank you. Doctor. He should be online. No. Yeah. He's back, he's back. I think doctor is back. No. Yes, yes.”
  EU policy on the Indo-Pacific region
• “Thank you very much, Mr. President. I will switch to Spanish. Uh, I represent a la today. I'm representing the shadow rapporteur, Sandra. She can't be here today. So I'm going to read out the speech on the shadow rapporteurs report. I'd like to thank the rapporteur for the extended work that's been carried out here. We are finding out our times time when global power alliances are being reshaped, and choosing our alliance is fundamental. This is why Asian states are so crucial for us. For the European Union now, I think we need to think about suitable partners. We can't oversimplify things and divide the world into the goodies and the baddies. International relations are complex, and that's why we need to maintain relations with all kinds of actors that play a role in providing for stable framework globally. Let's not forget that a large share of maritime shipping transits through these regions of the world. Any kind of negative impact would have a huge impact. And that's why the European Union has a direct interest in maintaining freedom and free shipping routes that are open. We cannot have any kind of A unilateral, um or coercive measures from our group. We support the strategic role of this region, and we will be tabling some amendments to state the need for strengthening trade ties and also the role of security and defence. Now we will be talking about future sectors digitalisation, cyber security, to mention just a few. Thank you very much.”
  Asia-Pacific
• “33:19 – 11:35:31): Good morning everyone. Thank you for being all here today. We are now at the point of exchange of use of the role of the International ICC in a fragmented international order. I'm so glad I can share this meeting today because of the importance of the ICC in our society and the great job they are doing and what you do represent. So dear colleagues, this is our next point of order and it's my honor to welcome the First Vice President of the ICC, Judge Rosario Salvatore Aitala, for this discussion. Welcome and thank you for your job. In an increasingly fragmented international order, the International Criminal Court occupies a difficult but essential place. We have found ourselves in a world marked by geopolitical rivalries, selective engagement with international norms, and growing contestation for universal principles. Yet precisely because power politics are back, the ICC matters. The court does not replace diplomacy nor can resolve conflicts, but its role is not a word but foundational to uphold accountability where national systems fail or refuse to act, to maintain international order. For the European Union, the ICC is not just a legal institution but a strategic investment in a rules-based international order. Supporting the court means defending the credibility of international law even when it's politically uncomfortable. In a fragmented world, the ICC's effectiveness depends less on its status and on to sign a political backing. The question before us is whether we are prepared to keep maintain the support that you should have. We should support you the principle not by force and of course international law and all your efforts should must always prevail. With that introduction, Judge Aitala, I will give you the floor for ten minutes of introductory remarks, after which we'll have an exchange with the members including me for some questions that we think is important because we have the great chance to have you here that you can answer to all of us. So thank you and floor is yours for ten minutes.”
  Support for International Criminal Court
• “This report is the outcome of a fruitful year and a half of work and a half worked, drawing on input received on the ground through our missions to the country and the delegations in Saudi Arabia, where we met with government and government embassies, organisations with which will remain in contact. We also engage with EU officials, Human Rights Commission, their European and international institutions organisations working both on the ground and from Europe. The aim has been to coordinate and gather as much input as possible, given that, unlike other dossiers, there was little structured information available in this parliament, so we had to do a really hard work. We will continue to keep close contacts with all these actors. This report is only an introduction to what we wish to project, in line with the current context and our relations with this country, under the framework provided by Afet and its its competences. Taking into account that the rules are limited in drafting this report for 4000 characters and we intend to expand the content further, taking into consideration, of course, the amendments. I would like to explain how this report has been worked on. We have four distinct blocks, the first on EU, Saudi Arabia bilateral relations. We speak about the current situation of the relations between the European Union and Saudi Arabia, recognise the need for a strategic partnership agreement to provide a binding legal framework for the relations with Saudi Arabia and to strengthen cooperation, according to the conclusions of EU Gulf Cooperation Council summit.”
  EU relations with Qatar
• “Well, Mr. Solana is someone who is very prudent. Uh, I know him, and I don't think he would be. Uh, validating a unilateral action against article two of the charter of the United Nations. I think either we support international law or we stop believing in the EU as a system. It's only because after 1945, we built this system because we didn't want to see this type of thing happen again on our continent. Thank you.”
  EU foreign policy approach
• “The EU already cooperates with the country, but to have this legal framework makes it able to reinforce the cooperation in trade, security, energy, innovation, education, culture and mobility. This also means boosting regular political dialogue and institutional engagement. And in this chapter, it is important to mention the necessity to work towards visa free travel arrangement with the GCC countries in equal conditions. Second, Saudi foreign policy priorities and opportunities for the European Union. There are important goals that are common and we need to work together. We recognise Saudi Arabia's role and key diplomatic actor in Gaza, Syria, Yemen, Lebanon, Sudan and the Red sea. We recognise the cooperation between Saudi and the EU in counter-terrorism, deradicalisation and maritime security. We recognise the role in regional de-escalation, including steps towards normalisation with Iran and mediation in international conflicts. Crucial for the EU such as Ukraine. And we highlight the growing participation in multilateral forum like BRICs, Africa or Asia three. Socio economic transformation and opportunities for cooperation. The approval and execution of the vision 2030 has major reforms that could transform our relations, and that have changed the country during these years. We recognise the important milestones already achieved, including the significant reduction of youth unemployment and the remarkable rise in women's participation in the labour force. And we also acknowledge Saudi Arabia growing role as host of major international projects.”
  EU relations with the Southern Neighbourhood
• “This is important. You mentioned women labor force, 30%, uh, has raised to 30%. And this is very important. We need to understand that Saudi is going through all these changes for the last five years, six years. This is something impressive. Only in 2017 we had 17% of labor force. We are now 36%. So I think it's something to take into consideration. And you were asking about Shia minorities while monitoring that. And I would like to to put on the table here that there is a committee of human rights that are working very closely with the European Union. We have this dialogue committee last one in December 24th, and we are going to re-engage on that. We have a very close monitoring of the situation through the Human Rights Committee, which we already had, and we will have more meetings with. So we will keep you updated on that. On that matters. Mr. Gaeta, thank you. I know that you you were together in that mission. Thank you for your inputs. We will take them into consideration and, um, and in this. But it's important that also we have in mind that this vision 20, 30, 2013. Saudi is the strategic framework that is changing and diversifying everything. Changes are there. We need to be positive on that, but we will have to take into consideration also your your input and your amendments.”
  Gender roles, equality and inclusion
• “And Mr. Lopatka was saying also, thank you very much for your support. I know you know very well the area which it is very important to this Parliament to through your delegation that thank you for that and the issue of visas. We need to work on visa between us and Saudi. It's a win win project. It's a reliable partner. I think it is very important. We know that they have the casket, but it's not enough. It's a political strong message on our collaboration with a key partner to us. And last but not least, with the Commission. Thank you for your comments. Miss Zana and Miss Ruta, I think it's very important. It's essential. And I would like to say this here, that the Parliament and the Commission are together for the best of the future of the European Union. We need to work together. We need to collaborate. Thank you for your professional work. I think indeed you do fantastic work and space is our nearest future. We need to invest in that. We will be looking forward to that and we will support in everything as much as possible in order to get into that without forgetting, of course, human rights, which we are already working on that. Thank you very much.”
  EU relations with Qatar
• “Mr President, honourable Members. We are living in a changing and increasingly uncertain geopolitical context. This reality requires the European Union to strengthen multilateralism and to diversify its partnerships worldwide, while reaffirming our values. In this regard, we have seen a clear willingness from the European Union to deepen its engagement with other regions, including the Gulf region, where the Commission is launching strategic partnership agreements and free trade agreements that will reinforce our framework for cooperation and deliver mutual benefits for citizens on both sides. In this context, this report seeks to set the course for the future of relations with Saudi Arabia, a country that has undergone significant positive transformation over the past decades. This report was done listening to human rights NGOs, the Commission, national authorities on human rights and the most important actors: people. I want to thank them all. The text has four main sections. First, it focuses on bilateral relations between the European Union and Saudi Arabia. We recognise the progress made towards the strategic partnership agreements with sustainability and the energy transition as central pillars, closely linked to the EU's strategic autonomy. We also call for stronger due diligence processes and deeper cooperation in regulatory, security, education and research fields while promoting academic mobility. At the same time, we support moving forward on visa waivers to boost tourism and strengthening people-to-people exchanges. Since the 'cascade' was granted, which means multiple entries during five years. Second, the report addresses Saudi foreign policy and its cooperation with the European Union. We recognise Saudi Arabia's growing role as a relevant diplomatic actor, as well as its mediation efforts in Gaza, Ukraine, Lebanon and Syria. In this context, we propose strengthening cooperation on foreign policy and security, based on the principles of multilateralism, human rights, international law, and maritime security. The third section focuses on socio-economic transformation and opportunities for the European Union. We recognise Saudi's economic diversification and their Vision 2030, highlighting concrete opportunities in infrastructure, digitalisation and critical minerals. We also acknowledge social and economic progress, particularly in the participation of young people and women – they have passed from 17 % to 37 % of the labour force – while stressing the need to fully implement reforms and the abolishment of the kafala system and improve personal status law. At the same time, we call for effective protection of migrant workers, especially in the context of Expo 2030 and the 2034 World Cup. Finally, relations with third countries cannot be understood without addressing the importance of human rights for the European Union. We welcome the existing EU-KSA Human Rights Dialogue, but call for a more results-oriented approach with clear indicators and timelines. We propose a European monitoring mechanism for the inclusion of human rights, mutual conditions in future bilateral agreements, and the ratification of the remaining international human rights conventions. While recognising recent progress, we are clear that significant challenges remain. We therefore call for the immediate release of detainees, a review of the counter-terrorism legislation, access to foreign international human rights organisations and express concern over the increase of death sentences, calling for a moratorium and the abolition of the death penalty. In conclusion, this report represents a first step towards a necessary, respectful and mutually beneficial relationship. Our leadership is linked to our strategic autonomy, and that is related in how do we address our relations with the rest of the world. **Nicolae ȘTEFĂNUȚĂ @Chair: We catch the eye of. Reinhold Lopatka”
  EU relations with Qatar
• “Thank you very much indeed, Commissioner. And dear colleagues, thank you very much for this fruitful debate on the Commission work programme. Let me repeat once again that a broad majority in this committee stands firmly in support of EU enlargement. Enlargement will remain a top priority for our committee in this legislative term. Thank you very much and have a nice day.”
  EU enlargement
• “At the moment of uncertainty, increased relationships with Latin America should be a priority. Having concluded the Mercosur agreement, I think it is fundamental that we support every possible way to strengthen our cooperation in trade with other countries in the region, such as members of the Andean Community. Therefore, the conclusion of this agreement with Ecuador is the first negotiated with the Latin American country. And that is big news and we should celebrate that. Sifat will contribute to facilitating the investment of European companies in Ecuador. Above all, it will be a key instrument to diversify our trade relations. Part of its usefulness at the time of driving European investment in renewables, transport, digital and it will also improve the robustness of the legal framework that governs our relationship. There's no point in trade agreements unless they are effective for businesses and citizens. We can have trade preferences, but we should ensure that they are translated into our practices and contribute in real terms to meeting sustainable development goals. This says something about the potential of this agreement, but I think credibility of it will depend on its implementation. Cifa has a key component when it comes to sustainable development, which means that it's not just another agreement. And that's why we ask the Commission to ensure that all investment facilitated by this agreement goes hand in hand with social and environmental standards. We will also demand that it respects international labour standards and commitments that we've taken on with the Paris Agreement. These matters cannot remain just on paper. They need to be implemented in practice. This agreement should contribute to structured dialogue mechanisms with the country and with other stakeholders in the local economy. For Ecuador, this means we need to pay specific attention to indigenous communities in investment projects. And if I can ask a question, I'd like to know. What views the commission takes on environmental matters under CFA. What specific evaluation mechanisms are you thinking of implementing and how do you view implementation to benefit indigenous communities? Thank you.”
  EU policy on social & environmental impact of foreign investments
• “The week before that, the Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority, Mohammad Mustafa, was our guest. These exchanges were held in camera. Today we have a public hearing, a subject that is very relevant in view of a of a solution, namely that of Israeli settlements in the West Bank. Over 700,000 Israeli settlers live across across the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, covering an estimated 14% of the territory. It's very important to say here that violent settlers have killed 1030 Palestinians in the West Bank since 7th of October, 1030 Palestinians. The settlements are illegal under international law, especially the Fourth Geneva Convention, and stands in contradiction with UN Security Council Resolution 233 of 1967. Settlement expansion is a major obstacle to the viability of two state solution. The only path to sustainable peace endorsed by the European Union and the international community. This hearing is an opportunity for the committee to assess recent developments on the ground. This discussion will inform the next step of the European Parliament in holding the Commission and the Council accountable for the effective implementation of the EU position on settlements. Now, it is my pleasure to welcome our experts this morning as speakers, two of them here in person and two online in person.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• “Thank you very much. I would like to remember, first of all, today the terrorist attack on Hakuna and celebration in Australia and our solidarity with victims. We must fight against anti-Semitism and terrorism. Hanukkah. Sorry, I would like to pronounce it correctly. Say about Gaza. Since the ceasefire. The Israeli government has killed 356 Palestinians. The humanitarian situation is critical with floods. People are dying of hypothermia in tents in the West Bank. Situation worsens daily settler violence that harmed local Palestinian population in occupied Palestine doesn't stop. There are 47 assaults per day. We need to work for the two state solution. This is what Palestinian and Israeli society want. Extreme government of Netanyahu is preventing that to happen. In Lebanon, situation is extremely unstable. Priority priorities to reinforce the Lebanese Army and 1701 resolution to disarm Hezbollah. Hezbollah has destroyed the life of Lebanese and is responsible for the killings of thousands of people in Syria. Disarming Hezbollah must go hand in hand with Israeli army withdrawing from the Lebanese territory. We call here for the respect of Lebanese territorial integrity to stop the building of the wall, and we need a date for the council to see and evaluate this measure with the Commission.”
  Relations with Israel - Palestine
• “Thank you very much, dear Commissioner. Commissioner Dombrovskis, dear colleagues, we are not close to any ceasefire or peace. People of Ukraine continue to suffer an extremely difficult winter conditions. They are tested every day by unwavering Russian attacks on civilian energy infrastructure. This loan is necessary for the survival of Ukraine, but it is also a central element of the EU's geopolitical response to Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine that represents a strategic geopolitical threat to the Union as a whole. Thus, we very much welcome the decision by the European Council to continue its support to Ukraine, despite some member states opposing. We praise the Commission presenting the proposals in extremely short time frame. We are glad to see that the proposal builds on the very positive experience of Ukraine facility, which has been a very powerful tool for structural changes and advancing Ukraine on its path to EU accession. Strategically vital for reinforcing European security, promoting democracy and stability on the continent, as well as boosting EU's U.S economy power. I also hope that the reparations loan proposal, which is put on hold, can be revived at any moment if more financial resources are needed, and as a tool to bring Russia to the negotiation table as Russian war of aggression is unfortunately not about to finish any time soon. Thank you very much.”
  Russia-Ukraine conflict (10th term)
• “Thank you madam. So today, China extracts the majority of the earth and controls almost all the refining. That is why restrictions on exports have an immediate impact on our industry and supply chains. The last EU-China summit in July was an important opportunity to reset our partnership there. Both sides stressed that cooperation and honest dialogue are the only way forward for our trade relations. To uphold that commitment, China must now ensure that any legitimate measures avoid harming Europe's economy. The EU-China Dialogue on Export Controls is a step in the right direction, which should bring effective solutions for European companies. But let us be clear this debate is not only about China, it is about Europe's peace. And in a geopolitical world where access to raw materials is becoming more crucial than ever. This is why the upcoming EU cannot be just a set of empty words. The Commission needs to present a strategic plan capable of delivering concrete actions to diversify our supply by boosting recycling in Europe and exploring new partnerships with like minded countries. Only a comprehensive strategy can reduce dependence on raw materials and secure access to key minerals that will power Europe's future. Thank you very much.”
  Trade relations with China
• “Thank you very much indeed, president McAllister. So, um, thank you for all of you and for your interest showing in this topic, which we think is very important nowadays for the European Union and for this Parliament. I address you today to present this draft report and own initiative texts on the relations between Saudi Arabia and the European Union, which will be open for amendments until the ninth of this month. As you know, I serve as rapporteur on Saudi Arabia in the European Parliament, and this report has been motivated by an unprecedented geopolitical moment marked by political uncertainty, even with the EU's traditional partners. In this context, the Gulf countries and in particular the role of Saudi Arabia have started to play a key part in the geopolitical landscape and in relations with the European Union undergoing a historic change in recent years. Saudi Arabia is undergoing a complex and ambitious process of social economic reform focused on modernizing institutions, expanding social openness, and reducing dependence on oil. These changes present new opportunities for the EU engagement, particularly in areas of shared interest such as economic diversification, innovation, climate action, education, and regional stability. In this regard, the European Union itself have begun to strengthen its relations with the GCC following the 2023 summit, and looking forward to the 2026 summit, alongside the development of new partnership with GCC and strategic partnerships. Space. It is important to stand for these relations as an equal partners.”
  EU relations with Qatar
• “Thank you very much, Mr. President. I will switch to Spanish. Uh, I represent a la today. I'm representing the shadow rapporteur, Sandra. She can't be here today. So I'm going to read out the speech on the shadow rapporteurs report. I'd like to thank the rapporteur for the extended work that's been carried out here. We are finding out our times time when global power alliances are being reshaped, and choosing our alliance is fundamental. This is why Asian states are so crucial for us. For the European Union now, I think we need to think about suitable partners. We can't oversimplify things and divide the world into the goodies and the baddies. International relations are complex, and that's why we need to maintain relations with all kinds of actors that play a role in providing for stable framework globally. Let's not forget that a large share of maritime shipping transits through these regions of the world. Any kind of negative impact would have a huge impact. And that's why the European Union has a direct interest in maintaining freedom and free shipping routes that are open. We cannot have any kind of A unilateral, um or coercive measures from our group. We support the strategic role of this region, and we will be tabling some amendments to state the need for strengthening trade ties and also the role of security and defence. Now we will be talking about future sectors digitalisation, cyber security, to mention just a few. Thank you very much.”
  Asia-Pacific
• “Thank you, my dear Natali. Delighted to be here with you. And, uh, we start now, our second panel that expands the scope of the analysis focusing on China's influence across the global arena. Each of our speakers will offer a presentation of six maximum eight minutes, after which we will open the floor to ask to questions by our to our panelists. First, let me welcome to Doctor Andrea Brienza, vice President, Romanian Institute for the study of the Asia Pacific, who will deliver a presentation called Beyond Infrastructure The Belt and Road Initiative as a vehicle for Chinese influence in Africa and Latin America. I invite you to take the chair for seven eight minutes. Thank you.”
  Asia-Pacific