Parliament adopted its media-literacy and digital-learning strategy by 447 votes to 128 , with 78 abstentions, carried by the EPP, S&D, Renew, the Greens/EFA and The Left; PfE and ESN opposed it, while ECR largely abstained and NI split. As an own-initiative resolution the text creates no law on its own, but it sets out Parliament's formal position and is intended to press the Commission to build an EU-wide framework for media literacy, monitoring and support for journalism. The file divided opinion along a consistent left-right line across every vote. A bloc of amendments tabled by groups on the right — restricting the Democracy Shield framing, shifting primary responsibility to parents and national authorities, asserting subsidiarity over school curricula and imposing neutrality and funding-suspension conditions on cooperation — were each rejected by margins of roughly 260 to 300 votes, drawing support from ECR, ESN, PfE and part of NI against the EPP–S&D–Renew–Greens–Left majority. The centre and left instead wrote the text they wanted into the report: paragraphs embedding media literacy in EU democratic safeguards, a structured Commission monitoring framework, a common approach to age-appropriate platform access, and reinforced support for traditional media all carried by comfortable margins. On several of these the right split — ECR frequently abstaining while PfE and ESN opposed — leaving the winning coalition intact throughout.
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